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chilling requirement
The chilling requirement of a fruit is the minimum period of cold weather after which a fruit-bearing tree will blossom. It is often expressed in chill hours, which can be calculated in different ways, all of which essentially involve adding up the total amount of time in a winter spent at certain temperatures.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 publisher = Texas A&M University Agricultural Research & Extension Center at Overton )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Peach tree physiology )〕
Some bulbs have chilling requirements to bloom, and some seeds have chilling requirements to sprout.
Biologically, the chilling requirement is a way of ensuring that vernalization occurs.
== Chilling units or chilling hours ==
Chilling unit in agriculture is a metric of a plant's exposure to chilling temperatures. Chilling temperatures extend from freezing point to, depending on the model, or even .〔Byrne, D. H., and T. A. Bacon (1992). ''(Chilling estimation: its importance and estimation )''. The Texas Horticulturist 18(8):5, 8-9. Retrieved 2010-05-24.〕 Stone fruit trees and certain other plants of temperate climate develop next year's buds in the summer. In the autumn the buds go dormant, and the switch to proper, healthy dormancy is triggered by a certain minimum exposure to chilling temperatures. Lack of such exposure results in delayed and substandard foliation, flowering and fruiting. One chilling unit, in the simplest models, is equal to one hour's exposure to the chilling temperature; these units are summed up for a whole season. Advanced models assign different weights to different temperature bands.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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